Nitrogen Uptake in Corn and Wheat
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Wheat Growth Stages
Feekes Growth Stages
Large, E.C. 1954. Growth stages in cereals. Plant Pathol. 3:128-129. |
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CORN |

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The above graph shows results over 2 years (6 total sites in Oklahoma)
where corn forage N uptake can be predicted from growth stages
ranging from V8 to V10. However, it should be noted that this was
from by-plant data (NDVI and N uptake determined by-plant).
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Total N uptake from V6 to VT, Lake Carl
Blackwell, 2006
Results from Iowa
on larger plots showed that by the V12 growth stage in corn, 90 kg N /ha
was accumulated in the plant, which is over 1/2 the total amount found
by VT (point of maximum N accumulation). Thus, because forage N
uptake can be predicted (graph above), the use of this information for
projecting N rates based on predicted yields should have merit.
Similar data from Oklahoma (graph directly below), show the same result,
whereby more than 50% of the total N accumulated had taken place by V10.


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CORN Facts and Figures |
CROP
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Percent N, %
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Test weight, lb/bu
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Maize (Colombia)
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1.55
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56
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Maize (Argentina)
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1.24
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56
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Maize (USA)
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1.25
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56
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Maize (Minnesota)
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1.23
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56
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Winter Wheat
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2.39
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60
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Winter Wheat (Kansas)
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2.10
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60
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Winter Wheat Forage
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2.46
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Spring Wheat (Ciudad Obregon)
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2.45
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60
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Spring Wheat (Baja California)
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2.10
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60
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Spring Wheat (Dakota's)
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2.40
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60
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Wheat Argentina
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2.20
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60
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Sorghum
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1.95
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56
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Sorghum KANSAS
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1.96
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56
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Spring Wheat (Canada)
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2.23
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60
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Wheat S-Australia
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2.00
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60
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Wheat E Australia
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2.25
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60
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Bermudagrass
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2.00
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na
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Spring Wheat Argentina
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1.95
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60
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Spring Wheat (India)
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1.60
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60
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Rice (India)
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1.28
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45
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Cotton Lint
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8.64
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Durum Wheat
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2.24
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60
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Canola (Canada)
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3.30
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50
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Reeves, D.W., and J.T. Touchton. 1989.
Nitrogen uptake by corn in a winter legume conservation-tillage system.
USDA-ARS. National Soil Dynamics Laboratory. Auburn University, AL.
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Nutrient uptake and partitioning in corn
and potatoes in Manitoba. 2004. Manitoba Agric. Food and Rural
Initiatives.
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Wright, David, Jim Marois, Jim Rich, and
Richard Sprenkel. 2002. Field corn production
guide. University of
Florida, IFAS Extension, Gainesville, FL.
- 1.2 to 1.3 lbs of N required per
bushel.
- 20-25 % of N needs applied at Planting.
- Remaining N needs should be applied
side dress.
- No yield increases have been found
from N applications after silking.
- Corn takes up 15 lbs N/ac by the time
it is 15 inches tall.
- It will grow to 3 feet tall in the
next two weeks and take up about 80 lbs N/ac during those 2 weeks,
followed by another 50 lbs/acre in the next two weeks prior to tassel
emergence. Therefore, at least 130 lbs N/ac will be needed in the four
weeks after corn reaches the 15 inch height.
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Francis, D.D., J.S. Schepers, and M.F.
Vigil. 1993. Post-anthesis nitrogen loss from corn. Agron. J.
85:659-663.
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Average number of days to reach the
different corn growth stages (4 locations in Oklahoma), 2005
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WHEAT |

N uptake, 40 bu wheat (2.72 Mg/ha) = 40*60 = 2400 lbs * 0.0235 = 56.4
lb/ac = 63.2 kg/ha
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Journals |
Increased plant N loss with
increasing nitrogen applied in winter wheat observed with 15N
J.Plant Nutr.
23:219-230. |
Effect of nitrogen rate on plant
nitrogen loss in winter wheat varieties.
J. of Plant Nutr.
20 (2&3):389-404. |
Nitrogen
accumulation in shoots as a function of growth stage of corn and winter
wheat. 2010. J. Plant Nutr. 33:165-182. Girma, K., S. Holtz, B. Tubana, J. Solie, and W. Raun. 2010.
Freeman, K., et al., Long-Term Effects of Nitrogen
Management Practices on Grain Yield, Nitrogen Uptake and Efficiency in
Irrigated Corn (Zea mays L.). 2007. J. Plant
Nutr. 30:2021-2036.
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